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The Correct Nutrition for Athletes
Part 2: Now lets get it right!
I like to think that I am an athlete. I have eleven International Gold Medals
and five World
Records for archery. I couldn't eat the 'six portions of bread' a day, let
alone the rest, even if I
wanted to.
But why would I want to? The advice given by the University of Illinois is
nothing but
unsubstantiated dogma. It is the way to failure not only for an athlete but for
anyone who needs
energy to work.
In view of the vast amount of dogma, such as that above, which surrounds
nutrition for athletic
performance, you may be surprised to learn that there is little or no evidence
that carbohydrates
are an energy food.
Carbo-loading: the way to failure?
The idea of the advice given above is based on what is known as
'carbo-loading'. As you may
have gathered, this practice involves eating high carbohydrate meals of such
things as bread, pasta
and cereals for a few days immediately prior to a tournament - in quantities
greater than they can
use during those days - so the their bodies have a reserve on tournament day.
Hence the term
'carbo-loading'.
Before we look at the scientific evidence that there is a much better way, let
me tell you a true
story.
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Cheltenham's Tim Hatcher is a triathlete. Involving swimming, cycling and
running, the triathlon
is a sport that requires a high degree of strength and stamina over a long
period. Tim was coached
and instructed on carbo-loading to build up a reserve of sugar and thus,
energy, in his body for
the trial to come.
'On the run up to my first triathlon', he told me, 'I followed the high
carbohydrate low fat eating routine, with daily training. Prior to the event I
had a pasta lunch, then
a banana an hour before the start. I had a terrible time of it, a slow swim
time, got a stitch soon
into the cycle, felt hungry, had some Kendal mint cake (sugar), and then
collapsed exhausted at
the finishing line.'
But that wasn't all. A side effect he had noticed of his pre-race practice was
that sometimes he
'crashed' not long after a meal with sweating and a sugar craving. He checked
this out with his
doctor who diagnosed
reactive hypoglycaemia
(low blood glucose caused as a reaction to a high
carbohydrate meal). This, he was told was not something to worry about as 'we
all suffer from
it to a certain degree'.
The doctor's reassurance, however, did not satisfy him. After doing some
research, Tim decided
to change his carbo-loading regime for one that was low in carbohydrate and
high in fats - the
sort of regime I have been advocating in these pages.
'This had surprising effects, my training time started getting better, I felt
better, I lost weight, my
body shape was changing, I was losing my belly, all of which I had not
expected. Also the best
thing is that I have not yet had a reactive hypoglycaemia attack since adopting
this new eating
pattern.'
The night before his next triathlon Tim ate a low-carbohydrate meal of
Morrocan stew. On the
morning of the event he breakfasted on feta cheese, artichoke heart and spinach
omelette, fried
in butter, with sliced tomato drizzled with olive oil and two slices of bread
and butter. 'This was
really hard for me, no carbo-loading, how was it going to work? Would I run out
of steam half
way round? Would I "hit the wall"? Would my muscles run out of fuel and seize
up? All were
conditions I had been led to believe could happen without carbo-loading.'
It rained throughout the event. Tim's swim time was a personal best. Although
the cycling was
'really wet and horrible', with mud on road at several points, Tim overtook two
people on the
stage - and didn't get the stitch which had plagued his previous race. Tim
started the run and
thought 'oh no, stitch on its way', but that feeling disappeared as quickly as
it had come and came
to nothing. Tim overtook three people during the running stage. The end of the
run was the end
of the race. He finished feeling great; none of his fears had materialised and,
he said, 'I felt a
thousand times better than the end of the last event, very wet, but very happy,
looking forward
to the next'.
Tim's times were much improved - a personal best - and he assured me that he
will continue with
his new eating regime which, he says 'tastes good, it makes me feel good, it
makes me stronger,
it is changing my body shape to one I like, and has no adverse side effects. I
would recommend
this to anybody, in fact I already have. I really does make sense and I feel is
a must for any serious
athlete.'
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An American martial artist in Florida also wrote to me telling me how much
better he is doing on a very low-carb diet. Here is his e-mail:
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Dr. Groves,
I would like to congratulate you on a marvelous website. With it, you
are doing a wonderful service.
I am now 22 years old and a strict carnivore. I eat only meat and meat
products (except for milk, which I do not drink due to lactose). The only
sort of plants that passes my lips are herbs to season my meat (and then not
always, as I love the taste of fresh meat)!
I was fairly chubby my whole life, and at 19 decided to do something
about it. I started Dr. Atkins' low-carbohydrate diet with great results.
But, my curiosity as to why the low-carb diet worked egged me on, and I
continued to research the subject. To make a short story shorter I stopped
eating the Atkins diet--I am not pleased that he encourages vegetable
matter, particularly soy (but what can you expect, selling his carbohydrate
substitute foods is big business for him)--and with some trepidation gave the
all-meat diet a try. That was almost 2 years ago and I have not looked
back. I feel this diet is going to be a permanent lifestyle choice.
I look great and feel better, and all medical tests, e.g., blood
pressure, cholesterol checks, etc. ensure that I am the picture of health.
I stand 1.82m tall (6'2" US Imperial), and weigh 88kg (195lbs. US Imperial).
(I am very physically active with martial arts and ashtanga yoga, and I lift
weights---all my weight gain nowadays is muscle mass). I live in Florida,
where it is subtropical and very hot. Heavy outdoor exertion can easily
lead to fatigue, and heat stroke. When my martial arts group and I train
outside I inevitably outlast my carbohydrate-eating compatriots, who drop
out due to exhaustion and heat problems. I keep on going, and even after a
vigorous, several hour training session, am not drained of energy. In fact,
I am always full of energy.
It is a shame people are so close-minded about diet. As Viljhamur
Steffannson points out, after religion people are most fanatical and
close-minded about diet. I suppose this is because diet is as much a
cultural habit as it is a biological need. I still have friends and family
who call me crazy for eating the way I do, calling it a "stupid diet".
Well, the joke is on them, as time and aging will prove.
I can go on and on---this is a passion of mine---but I will end it here.
I simply wanted to let you know there are other sane people out there!
Best,
Milos
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Tim Hatcher is not the only Tim to give up carbo-loading. Britain's number one
tennis player,
Tim
Henman
, who came so close to the final at Wimbledon in 2001, said in an
interview:
'I used
to eat more pasta-type food, but I found out more recently that slow release
energy food is good,
so I started to eat more protein and I'd say that I'm eating now probably sixty
percent protein
forty percent carbohydrates. I think that helps.'
Reference
1.
http://www.urbanext.uiuc.edu/hsnut/index.html, accessed February 2002
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"A great book that shatters so many of the nutritional fantasies and fads of the last twenty years. Read it and prolong your life."
Clarissa Dickson Wright
"NH&WL may be the best non-technical book on diet ever written"
Joel Kauffman, PhD, Professor Emeritus, University of the Sciences, Philadelphia, PA
- a completely new kind of video and DVD.
"Must be regarded as essential reading . . . informative and thought-provoking." Dr Vyvyan Howard, MB. ChB. PhD. FRCPath. University of Liverpool.
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